Integrated Listening and Reading — 10
Read the text about the World Wide Web (you have 7 minutes to read), then watch a video on a similar topic. You will notice that some ideas coincide and some differ in the two materials. Answer questions 1–12 by choosing A if the idea is expressed in both materials, B if it can be found only in the reading text, C if it can be found only in the video, and D if neither of the materials expresses the idea.
World Wide Web
Many people think that the internet and the world wide web are the same thing. While they are closely linked, they are very different systems. The internet is a huge network of computers all connected together. The world wide web (‘www’ or ‘web’ for short) is a collection of webpages found on this network of computers. Your web browser uses the internet to access the web.
In 1989 the world wide web was invented by Sir Tim Berners-Lee. He was trying to find a new way for scientists to easily share the data from their experiments. Hypertext and the internet already existed at this point but no one had thought of a way to use the internet to link one document directly to another. Tim suggested three main technologies that meant all computers could understand each other (HTML, URL and HTTP). All of these remain in use today. He also made the world’s first web browser and web server. You can still see pages from the first web server online.
The first websites were made up of simple pages of just words and pictures, a bit like online books or magazines. Most people couldn’t create their own webpages. Back then, to make a webpage you had to write HTML code by hand.
As the web began to develop, people started communicating and sharing more. They used social network sites and blogs. It became much easier to create your own content on the web and to share it. This new type of web became known as Web 2.0.
Although the way people use the web has changed, the technologies haven’t. Many of the technologies that ran the first webpages are still in use today.
The web is still changing today. Search engines have become better at reading, understanding and processing information. They have found clever ways to find the content we want and can even show us other things that might interest us.
1. The World Wide Web is not the same as the Internet.
A
B
C
D
2. The ways the Internet can be used are not restricted to accessing the World Wide Web.
A
B
C
D
3. Sir Tim Berners-Lee invented the Internet in 1989.
A
B
C
D
4. Web server is a computer which is always connected to the Internet.
A
B
C
D
5. HTML is a technology that is used in the World Wide Web.
A
B
C
D
6. Nowadays, if you want to create your own content on the web, you have to know how to write HTML code.
A
B
C
D
7. You need a computer and a modem to see the World Wide Web.
A
B
C
D
8. The first web server is still functioning.
A
B
C
D
9. Modern search engines are capable of analyzing our preferences, and they act on the basis of such analysis.
A
B
C
D
10. No company can claim the ownership of the World Wide Web.
A
B
C
D
11. The way the Internet functions is similar to the way our brain does.
A
B
C
D
12. The term "hypertext" was coined in 1950s.
A
B
C
D